Oil burner for stoves and the like



p 19, 1944. T. CAL Y 2,358,381

OIL BURNER FOR STOVES AND'THE LIKE Filed Oct. 20, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet'l w. 'r. CALEY OIL BURNER FOR STOVES AND THE LIKE Sept. 19, 1944.

V Fi l ed Oct. 20, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS.

- Patented- Kalamazoo Stove & Furnace o mpany, Kalamazoo, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application October 20, 1941, Serial No. 415,679 Claims. (01. 126-44) This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 366,133,

. filed November 18, 1940.

which is readily removable for servicing and replaceable without affecting the accuracy of positioning of the burner bases, a feature of very substantial importance in liquid fuel burners of the so-called sleeve type.

Second, to provide a liquid fuel burner unit having a rigid mounting for the bases and guide means or ways'supporting the burner unit positioned remotely from the burners and the zone of intense heat resulting from their operation so as to prevent distortion or warping of such guide means or ways, the guide means or ways permitting the removal of the unit from the combustion chamber with which it is associated for cleaning and servicing and replacement without disturbing the setting of the burner bases.

Third, to providea unitary sleeve-type oil burner construction including the burner bases or burners, a removable support therefor, and a supply reservoir on the support with fuel connections and valves for controlling the same, which construction is well adapted for use in many types 'of heaters.-

Fourth, to provide a mounting unit for a sleeve type burner or burners which permits the bumers to be moved only in a single plane'parallel to the level of the burners.

Fifth, to provide a burner unit including a mounting therefor adapting the same for use in a range or other heater which compensates for and minimizes the effect of the natural expansion and movement of materials thereof in zones of varying temperatures.

Sixth, to provide a burner unit well adapted for use in various heater appliances, such as stoves or ranges, water heaters, space heaters and the like, to thereby reduce the cost and simplify the manufacture thereof on a commercial scale.

Objects relating to details and economies of the invention will appear from the description to follow. The invention is defined and pointed out in the claims.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:.

Fig. 1 is an end view of a stove or range embodyin my invention partially broken away and in vertical section, the burner unit being shown in full lines in operative position and' partially withdrawn from the combustion chamber by dotted lines.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in front elevation partially broken away and partially in broken section illustrating structural details of the burner unitand its supporting means and the relation of the parts in a combustion chamber and to other parts of the stove or range. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation illustrating a portion of the stove adjacent the liquid fuel burner combustion chamber, the front closure member being open.

Fig. 4-is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating details of the burner unit guides or slideways which coact with other parts to accurately support the burner unit while permitting its removal and replacement.

' Fig. 5 is a side elevation illustrating the burner unit or assembly, the oil reservoir being indicated by dotted lines and the burner sleeves being in position on the burner bases.

Fig. 6 is a top plan view partially in horizontal section on line 6-6 of'Fig. 5, the liquid fuel reservoir being removed.

Fig. 7 is a somewhat enlarged view in section on the broken line 1-1 of Fig. v5 showing certain details of the sump and burner connections.

Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the combustion chamber closure which constitutes a. part of' the assembly.

' My present invention relates to a liquid fuel ciency' of the structure including the oven and it will be appreciated from the description to.

follow that the present unit is adapted for use in other types of cooking stoves and heaters.

In the structure illustrated in the accom-' panying drawings, the reference numeral I in general designates a stove or range having'a vertical partition 2 constituting the inner wallof a, burner compartment or combustion chamber 3 at one end of the range, this partition constituting a side wall of the oven 4. The structure has insulated front, end and rear walls 5,

6 and! respectively, the front and rear walls being provided with aligned openings 8 and 8 respectively at the ends of the combustion chamber 3 for removable reception of the burner unit of my invention, which is generally designated by the reference numeral l8.

Th combustion chamber 3 is provided with a bottom H which is designed to drain to the openin l2 which discharges to the drip pan l3 disposed beneath the bottom and removable through an opening I in the extension l of the front wall 5. At its top, the combustion chamber 3, ln-the embodiment illustrated, is in heat' transfer relation to other parts of the stove as is described in the aforesaid application.

Within the combustion chamber and closely adjacent to the bottom I I thereof, I mount a slideway comprising vertically disposed plate-like way way elements are longitudinally crowned or conformed to provide restricted slideway surface as indicated in Fig. 4, designated by the numerals I'll and l9l, and these are adapted to springably receive the flange-like slide portions 2| of the slide members 28. The members l8 and I8 are fixedly secured together by spot-welding or otherwise as may be desired.

4 The slide members are plate-like and of very substantial depth and they constitute a part of the burner supporting frame or structure, being rigidly connected to the cast iron frame members 22 as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 6.

The burner bases 23 are mounted on the frame members 22 which are of general Y-shape, being provided with out-turned ears 25 bolted to the slide members 28 as shown in Fig. 6. The burner bases are adapted to receive a plurality of concentric burner sleeves 24.

The frame members 22 are drilled and tapped to receive the adjusting screws 28 which support the burner bases 23 and permit the supporting screws being adjustabl to support the burner bases in a perfectly horizontal position when they are initially installed.

The fuel feed pipe 21 which supplies the individual liquid fuel to the burners is disposed at the juncture of the legs of the frame members 22 as illustrated. These feed pipes have supply fittings 28 connectedthereto immediately below the frame members 22 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

At their ends, the members 20 arev provided with inturned vertical flanges 29 to which are secured the front and rear closure members 30 and 3|. These closure members are insulated as shown in Fig. 1 and fit the openings 8 and 9 at the front and rear of the combustion chamber, so that when the burner unit is in place, the combustion chamber has insulated walls on three sides thereof, the partition 2 being designedly without insulation in order that heat from the combustion chamber may be transmitted to the oven 4. These closure members in effect constitute a part of the burner supporting framethat is, they constitute connecting members for the plate-like side members 20.

On the rear side of the rear closure member 3| I mount a bracket 32 to which is securely bolted a cast table member 33 having ears 34 adapted to receive the threaded supporting screws 35 of the fuel pan or sump 36. This fuel pan or sump is adapted to receive the inverted reservoir 31.

The sump i dimensioned so as to pass through the front and rear combustion chamber openings 8 and 8 for assembly and removal. The sump 3B discharges by gravity through a strainer 38 to the oil pipe 39 in communication with th oil distributor pipe 40. The feed pipes 21 of the respective burners are communicated through conduits 4| with this distributor, and the flow of oil from the distributor through these feed pipes is controlled by individual valves disposed infittings 42. In order to actuate these valves individually, I provide mechanical connections 43 extending from the valves longitudinally of and through the burner unit, including the front and rear closures 38, 3|. The said connections include flexible guide portions 44 immediately adjacent the front ofthe front closure member 30, see Figs. 1 and 8, and control rods 45 slidable therein and guided in brackets 46 on the front of said closure. These last named rods are releasably connected with control elements or knobs 41 on the front of the range, whereby the burner unit is readily capable of being disassociated from the valve control knobs when it is desired to remove the unit for cleaning and/or servicing.

As stated, the burners are of the well known sleeve type and the sleeves thereof are removable from the respective burner base 23 when the unit is taken out of the oil burner compartment. This removal is effected through an appropriate removably covered openingin the stove top above the compartment 3. The aforesaid burner unit is a very rigid, distortion-resistant one by reasonv of the rigidly connected and braced side plates 28 employed for guiding and supporting the burners. This rigidity is enhanced by the front and rear connections of said plates with closures 38, 3| and the resistance to distortion or wracking is further augmented by the fact that the side plates 20 are, as pointed out above, relatively high, thereby spacing the slides 2| and the coacting fixed guide ways a substantial distance below the comparatively hot zon adjacent the burner base 23. Such a deep construction resuits in the guide elements being subjected to less intense heat and less radical changes in temperature. As pointed out above the special guide way structure illustrated in Fig. 4 insures a uniformly positive and unchanging frictional grip on the sides 2| of the side members 20 so that the relative positioning of the latter remains unchanged at this point regardless of the number of times the unit is removed and replaced. A door 49 is pivoted on the front of the stove casing to conceal the opening to compartment 3 and the burner operatively positioned therein.

The burner bas'es, following original setting by adjustment of their supporting screws 26, thereafter remain absolutely uniform in their elevation and level. This is an important factor in In the first place, as stated above, they must be 4 exceedingly accurately installed to bring the burner bases on a level; otherwise the efflciency and heat of combustion thereof which are their primary recommendation. are lost. A discrep- 2,858,881 ancy of as little as .005 inch between the level of the burner and reservoir bases is sumcient to change the characteristic blue flame of these units to a wasteful, smoky yellow flame. Obviously only the greatestprecautions will suffice to produce such, an accurate alignment of the parts, once the burners have been removed for servicing, cleaning and the like. Secondly, they must be very frequently serviced, for the oil entering the same through the central aperture in the burner base is subjected to an oil cracking operation which results in the depositing of carbers on said supporting structure coacting with said front and rear openings when the burner assembly is operatively positioned in the combustion chamber, said side members being of such vertical width that the slideways are substantially below the zone of intense heat adjacent the burners thereby preventing. warping and distorbon around and adjacent the opening. This in I turn will clog the opening unless it is frequently removed. Obviously, the removal and replacement of these-units to the above mentioned extremely accurate level is a feat which is beyond the scope of the ordinary range owner, hence the expense of skilled servicing is usually entailed. So far as I am aware, no sleeve burner range unit has heretofore been devised which will .allow ready dismounting so that the carbon removal can be thoroughly effected and re-installation in its necessary, accurate and exact operation position efiected. Moreover, so far as I am aware, no one has ever devised a removable mounting for a sleeve type oil burner unit which is proof against distortion underv the expansion and contraction to which it is subjected so as to enable removal and replacement at any time by water heaters, space heaters and the like, hence I do not wish to be unduly restricted in this respect.

An embodiment of the invention which incorporates the principles of the invention in a highly desirable manner has been illustrated and described, though I am aware that other embodiments within the intent of the invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that the foregoing terminology is used only descriptively rather than in a limiting sense, and with full intention to include equivalents of the features shown and described, within the scope of the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a combustion chamber having opposed front and rear openings, a removable bumer unit comprising liquid fuel burners of the removable sleeve type, a supporting structure for said burners including spaced vertically disposed plate-like side members having inturned flange-jlike slideway-engaging slides at their lower edges, vertically disposed plate-like members mounted in said combustion chamber and having out-turned flange-lik slideway elements at their upper edges, coacting auxiliary members mounted on the inner side of said last named plate-like members and having out-turned flange-- tion of the slideways. A

2. In a structure of the class described, the

combination of a combustion chamber having opposed front and rear openings, a removable burner unit comprising liquid fuel burners of the removable sleeve type,-a supporting structure for said burners including spacedvertically disposed plate-like side members having inturned flangelike slideway-engaging slides at their lower edges, vertically disposed plate-like members mounted in said combustion chamber and having outtumed flange-like slideway elements at their upper edges, coacting auxiliary members mount- -ed on the inner side of said last named platelike members and having out-turned flange-like slideway elements at their upper edges disposed in spaced overhanging relation to said first named slideway elements, and front and rear closure members on said supporting .structure coacting with said front and rear openings when the burner assembly is operatively positioned in. the combustion chamber, said side members being of such vertical width that the slideways are substantially below the'zone of intense heat adjacent the burners thereby preventing warping and distortion thereof.

3. In a structure of. the class described, thecombination of a combustion chamber, a re-' movable burner unit comprising liquid fuel burn ers, a. supporting structure for said burners provided with slideway engaging slides, coacting slideway elements disposed in said combination chamber and in superimposed relation, said slideway elements having inwardly and centrally disposed crowned portions coacting to provide slideways springably receiving said slides, liquid fuel a supply means for saidburners carried by said supporting structure externally of said chamber, means connecting said liquid fuel supply means to said burners and carried by said supporting structure, and means carried by said supporting structure for regulating the flow of fuel from said supply means to said burners, said slideways being substantially below the burners and remote from the zone of intense heat adjacent the bumers, thereby preventing warping and distortion of the slideways.

4. In an oil heater of the type described, a burner unit comprising a distortion resistant support including vertically deep, plate-like side members having a burner base adjustably supported thereon and carrying burners, said side members being'provided'with slide elements in substantially spaced vertical relation to said base out of the zone of intense heat adjacent the latter and the burners thereon, a combustion chamber having front and rear openings, slideways mounted in said combustion'chamber for positively frictionally engaging said slide elements to guide the support for longitudinal sliding movement in the direction of said openings, said unit comprising front and rear closures secured to. the support and coacting with said respective openings when the unit is operatively positioned in the compartment, liquid fuel supply means including a sump and means connecting the I same in fuel feeding relation to said burners, said sump and fuel supply means being mounted at the rear of said rear closure member, and meansv carried by saidsupport for regulating the flow of oil from said supply means to said burners, said support, burners, closures and supply means being simultaneously slidable lengthwise of said compartment for removal through one of said openings.

5. In a structure of the class described, the

, er members thereon, said support being disposed combination of a casing having a burner chamber therein provided with opposed openings in its front and rear walls, the casing being provided with a door covering the front opening space when closed, guide means disposed in said chamber, an oil burner unit comprising front and rear wall closure members for said front and rear wall openings and a connecting burner supporting frame to which said closure members are secured, said supporting frame being slidably engageable with said guide means, burners mounted on said frame and comprisinga fixed burner base element and a top member removably engaged therewith, a fuel tank supporting bracket projecting rear wardly from the burner unit rear wall closure member, a removable fuel tank supported by said bracket, fuel supply connections from said fuel tank to said burners, a valve for said supply connections, and operating means for said valve carried by said burner unit, said burner unit being removable from said chamber as a unit, through the front wall opening.

6. In a structure of the type described, an insulated casing having a combustion chamber provided with front and rear openings, an oil burner in said chamber, a rigid, distortion resistant support for said burner in the combustion chamber, guide means in the combustion chamber on which said support is slidably mounted for longitudinal movement and maintaining the burner on a level in the-chamber, said support having a front closure plate secured thereon removably coacting with said front opening and having a rear insulated closure secured thereon coacting with said rear opening, a supporting bracket on said rear closure extending externally thereof, fuel reservoir structure on said bracket, and feed connections from said reservoir structure to said burner, said support, burner and reservoir structure being removable from said casing as a unit through one of said openings for cleaning and the like.

7. In a structure of the type described, 9. casing having a combustion chamber provided with openings in the front and rear walls thereof, a

liquid fuel burner in said chamber, a rigid, distortion-resistant support for said, burner in the combustion chamber, guide means in the combustion chamber on which said support is slidably mounted for longitudinal movement and maintaining the burner on a level in the chamber said support having a closure secured thereon coacting with the opening in the rearwall, a supporting bracket on said closure extending ream wardly and externally. of said closure and combustion chamber, a liquid fuel reservoir suphorizontally in said chamber and having vertically extending supportingguide means, said chamber having guide way means slidably re-' ceiving said guide means to enable removal of the support from the chamber and replacement therein, said guide means extending for a substantial distance vertically whereby to space the support substantially above said guide way means and thereby minimize distortion or wracking of the guide means adjacent theguide way means under the influence of heat in the chamber adjacent the support, said support being provided with a pair of closures coacting with said front and rear openings, through one of which the support is removable, and a. fuel supply reservoir member secured to said support externally of one of said closures, said burners, closure and reservoir member being removable from said casing with said support as a unit for cleaning and the like.

9. In combination with a range of the type described having a combustion chamber provided with opposed openings in the front and rear walls thereof, a rigid, distortion resistant support having a sleeve type oil burner member thereon, said support being disposed horizontally in said chamber and having supporting guide means, said chamber having a guide way means slidably receiving said supporting guide means to enable removal of the support from the chamber and replacement therein, said support having secured thereon a. closure coacting with the rear opening in the combustion chamber, and fuel supply means secured to said support externally and rearwardly of said closure and said combustion chamber, said burner being removable from said combustion chamber through the front opening together with said support, closure and supply means as a unit for cleaning and the like without disturbing the relation of the burner on the support.

10. In a structure of the type described, a combustion chamber provided with opposed openings in the front and rear walls thereof, a liquid fuel burner in said chamber, a. support in said chamber for said burner, guide means in said chamber and on which said support is slidably mounted in alinement with said openings, said support having a closure thereon coacting with the open- WILLIAM T. CALEY. 

